科研、设计行业如何实施ISO9000质量管理体系认证（ISO9001）
Scientific research, design industry how to implement the ISO9000 quality management system certification ( ISO9001 )
　　一、 科研、设计效力质量环及特点
One, scientific research, design and characteristics of service quality loop
　　科研设计效力是科研机构的科技人员依据社会或顾客需求，中止创新性的研讨、开发和设计，为社会或顾客提供其需求的产品，如科研报告、软件产品、设计图样、说明书等文件及样品、样机等的效力活动。
Design of scientific research is the scientific research institutions of science and technology service personnel in accordance with social or customer needs, innovative research, development and design, for the society or provide their required products, such as research reports, software products, design drawings, specification and other documents and sample, prototype service activities.
　　参照ISO9004.2中的效力质量环，结合科研机构的理论情况，我们可以编制出科研效力质量环。
According to ISO9004.2 quality of service in a ring, a combination of scientific research institutions of the actual situation, we can work out scientific research service quality loop.
　1.科研机构的产品主要是软件和效力
1 scientific research institutions, main products are software and services
　　科研机构按照社会需求，尤其是顾客需求研讨、开发的产品主要是软件，即经过成承载媒体表达所组成的一种知识产物，如科学研讨报告、设计图样、计算书、说明书等等；同时，也为顾客提供科技效力，如协助科研力气缺乏的企业开发新产品等。
Scientific research institutions in accordance with the needs of the community, especially the customers demand research, development of the product is mainly software, namely through the media expression formed an intellectual product, such as a report of scientific research, design, calculation, specification and so on; at the same time, but also for customers to provide technology services, such as helping the enterprises to develop new scientific research lack products such as.
　2.科研机构提供产品进程的创新性和复杂性
The 2 research institutions to provide product and process innovation and complexity
　　科研机构提供产品的进程是一个创造性的休息进程，因此，也是一个复杂的未能预定轨迹的活动进程，具有创新性和复杂性，这就给质量控制带来较大的难度。
Scientific research institutions to provide product is a process of creative labor process, therefore, is a complex process to a predetermined trajectory, with innovation and complexity, which brings quality control to a greater degree of difficulty.
　3.科研机构产质量量的最终评价需求一定的时间
The 3 research institutions to product quality to evaluate the ultimate need some time
　　科研机构的产品多数属于实践效果，虽然可以经过现行的标准、规范和知识对其质量或价值给予一定的评价，但其优劣成败的最终评价还是要在设计文件付诸运用或实际之后才干失掉科学正确的结论。
Scientific research institutions, the majority of products belong to the theoretical results, although can be achieved by current standards, norms and knowledge on its quality or value given a certain evaluation, but the actor bad success or failure of final evaluation in design document or put into use or practice can be scientifically correct conclusion.
　i.科研效力质量体系文件
I. Service quality system documents
　1.质量手册
1 quality manual
　　科研机构可以从自身管理的理论情况动身，参照质量管理标准（ISO9001），编制内部运用的质量管理手册，也可以参照质量保证标准（ISO9001）编制质量保证手册。如某一设计院的质量保证手册中的质量体系要素为：
Scientific research institutions from their own management of the actual situation, with reference to quality management standards ( ISO9001 ), internal use quality management manual, can also according to quality assurance standard ( ISO9001 ) system quality assurance manual. As a Design Institute of quality assurance manual of quality system elements:
　　·管理职责；
Management responsibility;
　　· 质量体系；
Quality system;
　　· 合同评审；
Contract review;
　　· 设计控制；
Design control;
　　· 文件和资料控制；
Document and data control;
　　· 设计分承包；
Design contract;
　　· 顾客提供文件和资料的控制；
The customer provides file and data control;
　　· 设计图样标识和可追溯性；
Design pattern identification and traceability;
　　· 样机实验；
, prototype test;
　　· 测量设备的控制；
Measuring equipment control;
　　· 不合格图样和效力的控制；
Not qualified pattern and the service control;
　　· 纠正和预防措施；
, corrective and preventive measures;
　　· 设计图样的绘制和交付；
Design drawing and delivery;
　　· 质量记载的控制；
Quality record control;
　　· 内部质量审核；
And internal quality audit;
　　· 人员培训；