OHSAS18000认证审核中几个容易混淆的问题
OHSAS18000 certification audit several problems which are easily confused in
慎用“重大危险源”一词
Careful with " significant dangerous source"
       在《安全生产法》和《重大危险源辨识》（GB18218-2000）中，均把重大危险源定义为：长期地或临时地生产、搬运、使用或者储存危险物品，且危险物品的数量等于或者超过临界量的单元（包括场所和设施）。
In the" safety production law" and" great hazard source identification" ( GB18218-2000 ), are the major hazard is defined as: long-term or temporary production, transportation, use or storage of hazardous substances, and the quantity of the hazardous substances is equal to or more than the critical amount unit ( including the places and facilities ).
这表明，我国对重大危险源有明确的定义，并且《安全生产法》第八十五条要求对重大危险源应登记建档，进行评估、监控，制定应急预案。
This shows, our country of major hazard sources were defined, and the" safety production law" eighty-fifth requirements for the major hazard should register file, evaluation, monitoring, emergency response plan.
因此，用人单位在危险源辨识中辨识出来的不可接受的危险源不能随意叫做重大危险源，只有符合上述定义中条件的情况才能叫做重大危险源。
Therefore, the employing units in the identification of hazard source identification of unacceptable risk sources can not be called major risk sources, only with the above definition of conditions can be called major risk sources.
       就目前国内的情况来说，许多用人单位危险源辨识的结果都形成一份重大危险源清单。重大危险源词汇在认证过程中滥用，导致企业真正的重大危险源和所谓的“重大危险源”分不清。
On the current domestic situation, many employers risk source recognition results have formed a significant dangerous source list. Major hazard source vocabulary in the accreditation process of abuse, causes the enterprise truly significant dangerous source and the so-called" great and dangerous source" is not clear.
因此，认证机构（咨询机构）在认证（咨询）过程中，应向企业解释清楚什么是重大危险源，告知企业应慎用重大危险源一词，用“重要危险源”或干脆称“不可接受的风险”。
Therefore, certification bodies ( Consultancy ) in the certification ( Advisory ) process to the enterprise, should explain what is major risk sources should be used with caution, inform the enterprise significant dangerous source word, with" important dangerous source" or simply "not acceptable risk".
风险评价方法的适宜性
Risk evaluation method of suitability
       国内现在普遍采用LEC法对用人单位辨识出来的危险源进行风险评价，而不管用人单位所处行业的特点。笔者认为，LEC法只能是对一般作业条件的危险评价，对于一些复杂的系统特别是分析一些系统的固有风险时，仅仅靠这一方法进行风险评价显然是不够的，需要借助其他的方法进行分析评价。
China is now widely used in the LEC method to the employing units identified hazard risk evaluation, and not work units where the industry characteristics. The author thinks, the LEC method only to the general operating conditions risk evaluation, for some complex system especially the analysis of some system inherent risk, only by this method for risk evaluation is obviously not enough, need the help of other methods of analysis and evaluation.
       采用评价方法，应以充分地辨识出用人单位内存在的危险源并对其危险源的危险程度进行有效的评价为原则。当一种评价方法不足以评判用人单位所处的危险状况时，用人单位应考虑采用其他评价方法与之相结合来共同评判其风险。
Using the evaluation method, should be fully recognize the employing units in existence dangerous source and the hazard degree of risk for effective evaluation principle. When an evaluation method to judge the employing units the dangerous situation, the employer should consider using other methods of evaluation and combined to judge the risk.
       根据从事安全工作的经验，笔者得出了以下对不同行业的风险评价方法
According to be engaged in security work experience, the author concluded the different sectors of the risk evaluation method
       对于一般行业（如机械行业），可采用安全检查表、LEC。
For general industry (such as mechanical industry), can use the safety check list, LEC.
       对于建筑业、电力行业，应采用安全检查表、LEC、FTA、ETA（对一些装置设备进行评价时使用）。
For the construction industry, power industry, should adopt the safety check list, LEC, FTA, ETA ( for some device was used when evaluating ).
       对化学工业，应采用HAZOP（必要时结合FTA）、DOW等指数分析方法，LEC法在化工企业仅适用于对作业人员的危险性分析。
On chemical industry, should use HAZOP ( necessary in combination with FTA ), DOW index analysis method, LEC method in chemical enterprise applies only to operating personnel, risk analysis.