新版ISO22000认证标准理念与HACCP原理有效融合
发布时间: 2020-05-20 09:37 点击：
Effective integration of new ISO 22000 certification standard concept and HACCP principle
管理领域先进理念与HACCP 原理的有效融合 过程方式、系统管理及持续改进是现 代管理领域先进理念的核心内容。
The effective integration of advanced management concepts and HACCP principles, system management and continuous improvement are the core contents of advanced management concepts.
任何 将所接受的输入转化为输出的活动都 可以视为过程。、组织为了能有效地运 作，必须识别并管理许多相互关联的过 程。一个过程的输出会直接成为下一个 过程的输入。、组织系统地识别并管理过 程以及过程之间的相互作用，称之为 “过程方法”。、所谓系统管理，即针对 设定的目标，识别、理解并管理一个由 相互关联的过程所组成的体系，有助于 提高组织的有效性和效率。、系统方法的 特点在于它围绕某一设定的方针和目 标，确定实现这一目标的关键活动，识 别由这些活动构成的过程，分析这些过 程间的相互作用和相互影响的关系，按 某种方式或规律将这些过程有机地组 合成一个系统，管理由这些过程构成的 系统，使之协调地运行。
Any activity that converts an accepted input into an output can be considered a process. In order to operate effectively, organizations must identify and manage many interrelated processes. The output of one process will directly become the input of the next process. The organization systematically identifies and manages processes and interactions between processes, which are called "process methods". The so-called system management is to identify, understand and manage a system composed of interrelated processes for the set objectives, which is helpful to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the organization. The characteristics of system method lie in that it determines the key activities to achieve this goal, identifies the processes composed of these activities, analyzes the interaction and interaction between these processes, organically combines these processes into a system in a certain way or rule, and manages the processes composed of these processes System, make it run coordinately.
持续改进的最 终目的是提高组织的有效性和效率，包 括改善产品的安全特性、提高过程有效 性和效率所开展的所有活动。
The ultimate purpose of continuous improvement is to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the organization, including all activities carried out to improve the safety characteristics of products, improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the process.
通过测量 分析现状、建立目标、寻找解决办法、 实施解决办法、测量实施结果、直致纳 入文件等活动，实施不断的PDCA（计划、 实施、检查、改进）循环。
The continuous PDCA (plan, implementation, inspection and improvement) cycle is implemented by measuring and analyzing the current situation, establishing objectives, finding solutions, implementing solutions, measuring implementation results, directly incorporating into documents and other activities.
以上原则在 ISO 22000（DIS）标准中主要体现在以 下几个方面。
The above principles are mainly reflected in the following aspects in ISO 22000 (DIS) standard.
1、食品安全目标导向 建立一个系统，以最有效的方法实 现组织的的食品安全方针和目标。
1. Food safety goal orientation establishes a system to achieve the organization's food safety policy and goal in the most effective way.
由组 织的最到管理者制定食品安全方针，并 进行相关的沟通。
Food safety policies shall be formulated by the top management of the organization and relevant communication shall be conducted.
最高管理者应确保组织的食品安全 方针与其组织在食品链中的位置相关， 确保食品安全方针符合与客户商定的 食品安全要求和法律法规要求，确保食 品安全方针在组织的各个层次上得到 沟通、实施和保持，并对其持续适宜性 进行评审，同时确保在食品安全方针中 充分阐述沟通的作用。
The top management shall ensure that the food safety policy of the organization is related to its position in the food chain, that the food safety policy conforms to the food safety requirements and laws and regulations agreed with customers, that the food safety policy is communicated, implemented and maintained at all levels of the organization, and that it is continuously appropriate Review and ensure that the role of communication is fully addressed in the food safety policy.
食品安全方针应 得到可测量的目标的支持。
Food safety policy should be supported by measurable objectives.
2、过程的识别和危害分析 组织应策划和开发安全食品实现所 需的过程，在实施前提方案（包括基础 设施、维护方案、操作性前提方案）的 基础上，对食品安全危害造成不良后果 的严重程度及其发生的可能性进行危 害分析并确定显著危害，作为HACCP 计 划和操作性前提方案组合控制的对象。
2. The organization of process identification and hazard analysis shall plan and develop the process required for the realization of safe food. Based on the implementation of the premise scheme (including infrastructure, maintenance scheme and operability premise scheme), hazard analysis shall be conducted on the severity of adverse consequences caused by food safety hazards and the possibility of occurrence, and significant hazards shall be determined as HACCP The object of combination control of planning and operational premise scheme.
3、体系的实施和运行 有效的安全产品生产，要求和谐地 整合不同类型的前提方案和详尽的 HACCP 计划。
3. The implementation and operation of the system for effective production of safety products requires the harmonious integration of different types of prerequisite schemes and detailed HACCP plans.
基础设施和维护方案用于 阐述食品卫生的基本要求和可接受、更 具永久特性的良好（操作、农业、卫生 等）规范，而操作性前提方案则用于控 制或降低产品或加工环境中确定的食 品安全危害的影响。
Infrastructure and maintenance programs are used to describe the basic requirements of food hygiene and acceptable and more permanent good (operation, agriculture, health, etc.) specifications, while operational prerequisite programs are used to control or reduce the impact of food safety hazards identified in the product or processing environment.
HACCP plan is used to manage the key controls identified in hazard analysis to eliminate, prevent or reduce specific food safety hazards in products. In hazard analysis, the organization determines the strategy to be adopted to ensure hazard analysis through combination of premise scheme and HACCP plan.
4、体系的监视和测量 监视测量除了HACCP 原理所包含的 关键控制点的监控之外，还包含危害分 析输入的持续更新，操作性前提方案和 HACCP 计划中要素的实施和有效性，基 础设施和维护方案，体系运行后危害水 平降低的绩效，人力资源管理的有效 性，最终产品的测试（必要时），内部 审核等。
4. The monitoring and measurement of the system, in addition to the monitoring of the key control points included in the HACCP principle, also includes the continuous updating of hazard analysis input, the implementation and effectiveness of operational prerequisite scheme and elements in the HACCP plan, infrastructure and maintenance scheme, the performance of the reduction of hazard level after the system operation, and the effectiveness of human resource management Performance, final product testing (if necessary), internal audit, etc.
对以上内容的验证结果再进行 评价和分析，对操作性前提方案和 HACCP 计划的组合控制的有效性进行确 认，将验证和确认的结果输入持续改 进。监视和测量建立在基于事实的决策 方法的基础上，对数据和信息的逻辑分 析或直觉判断是有效决策的基础。依据 准确的数据和信息进行逻辑推理分析， 或依据信息作出直觉判断是一种良好的 决策方法。
Evaluate and analyze the verification results of the above contents, confirm the effectiveness of combination control of operational premise scheme and HACCP plan, and input the verification and confirmation results into continuous improvement. Monitoring and measurement are based on fact based decision-making methods. Logical analysis or intuitive judgment of data and information is the basis of effective decision-making. It is a good decision-making method to make logical reasoning analysis based on accurate data and information, or to make intuitive judgment based on information.
利用数据和信息进行逻辑判断 分析时可借助其他的辅助手段，如统计技 术等。
When using data and information for logical judgment and analysis, other auxiliary means, such as statistical technology, can be used.
5、持续改进体系 持续改进是组织的一个永恒的目标。 组织应通过满足有关安全食品的策划和 实现的要求，持续改进食品安全管理体 系。
5. Continuous improvement system continuous improvement is an eternal goal of the organization. The organization shall continuously improve the food safety management system by meeting the requirements for the planning and implementation of safety food.
持续改进的输入包括内部外部的沟 通、管理评审、内部审核、验证结果的评 价、验证活动结果的分析、控制措施组合 的确认和食品安全管理体系的更新。
The input of continuous improvement includes internal and external communication, management review, internal audit, evaluation of verification results, analysis of verification activity results, confirmation of control measures combination and update of food safety management system.