内审员审核技能：集中内审与分散内审的结合应用

Auditor audit internal audit and internal audit skills: centralized decentralized combined application

组织在贯彻ISO9001：2008标准8.2.2条款，开展内部质量管理体系审核的过程中，通常采用集中内审或分散内审的方法。笔者认为，采用集中内审与分散内审相结合的"二合一"内审模式，更有利于ISO9001：2008质量管理体系的实施和保持。

Organizations in the implementation of ISO9001 : 2008 standard 8.2.2 terms, audit of internal quality management system process, usually uses the centralism internal or dispersed internal audit method. The author thinks, adopt the centralized audit and decentralized audit combining "combo" internal audit mode, more conducive to the ISO9001: 2008 quality management system implementation and maintenance.

        一、集中内审的优点

A centralized audit, the advantages of

        集中内审通常是按照计划的安排，根据ISO9001：2008质量管理体系文件和有关的法律法现，采用抽样方法，审核组织各部门所开展的质量管理活动及其结果是否符台要求，为质量管理体系的改进提供依据。集中内市有以下优点。

Internal audit is usually concentrated in accordance with the planned arrangements, according to the ISO9001 : 2008 quality management system documents and relevant law now, using the method of sampling, audit the organization departments to carry out the quality management activities and their results if Fu Tai asked for the improvement of the quality management system, provide a basis. Central city has the following advantages.

        1.体现领导的作用

In 1 embodiment of the role of leadership

        集中内审一般由管理者代表组织，由ISO9001：2008质量管理体系责任部门牵头实施。现场审核前要召开首次会议，审核后要召开末次会议。审核会议由审核组组长主持，最高管理者、管理者代表、受审核部门的主管和有关人员都要参加会议，到会时间和会议时间都有明确规定，并严格进行签到考核。各级领导亲临会议并参与审核过程，使内审活动得以顺利开展。

Focus on internal audit in general by the management representative organization, by the ISO9001 : 2008 quality management system responsibility department led. On site audit before held its first meeting, after the audit should be held at the end of the meeting. Audit session by the audit team leader chaired, top management, the management representative, audit department and relevant personnel should attend the meeting, attend a meeting time and meeting times are clearly defined, and strict attendance check. Leaders at all levels and are involved in the review process, so that the internal audit activity smoothly.

        2.体现计划性和规范性

The 2 embodiment program and standard

        集中内审通常要编制内审计划，确定ISO9001：2008审核目的、审核依据、审核范围、审核组成员和审核时间安排等，并提前一个星期将审核计划发至受审核部门。

Focus on internal audit often to the preparation of audit programs, to determine the ISO9001: 2008 audit objective, audit evidence, audit scope, audit team members and the examination time arrangement, and a week before the audit plan to the audit department.

        在ISO9001：2008质量管理体系建立初期，一般每年进行2至4次集中内审（每半年或每个季度进行一次）。

In the ISO9001 : 2008 quality management system establishment initial period, generally 2 to 4 times per year for centralized audit ( every year or every quarter once).

        ISO9001：2008质量管理体系进人成长期，一般每年迸行2次集中审核（每半年进行一次）。

ISO9001: 2008 quality management system into the long-term, the general annual into line 2 times concentrated audit ( once every six months ).

        ISO9001：2008质量管理体系进人成熟期，一般每年进行1次集中内审。

ISO9001: 2008 quality management system into the mature period, the general annual 1 concentration of internal audit.

        每次集中内审前，由管理者代表任命审核组组长，由审核组组长编制审核计划，选配审核员。受审核部门应在一十星期内做好自查、自纠等准备工作。实施现场审核时，部门主管和有关人员立在岗，并做好与内审员的配合工作。为审员应认真做好审核记录，出具不合信项报告。不合格报告的责任部门应限期做好整改纠正工作，审核部门应做好跟踪验证工作。集中内审的结果纳入部司经济责任制考核。

Each centralized audit, the management representative shall appoint audit team leader, by the audit team leader making the audit plan, selection of auditors. By the audit department should be in ten weeks to do self-examination and self-correction, and other preparatory work. Implement the audit, heads of departments and relevant personnel stand on guard, and do a good job with the auditor's work. Auditors should conscientiously do a good job in audit records, issued by the appropriate letter report. NCR responsible departments should be limited to the rectification work to correct, the audit department shall prepare the following verification work. Centralized audit result into the division of economic responsibility.