ISO9000内审员如何有效开具不符合报告及验证、关闭不符合
ISO9000 internal audit how to effectively open do not accord with report and verification, shut down does not meet
如何有效开具不符合报告及验证、关闭不符合任何一种管理体系审核所关注的焦点，均为确定管理体系是否已建立，是否正在有效实施并始终得以保持O因此，管理体系审核的重点应是验证符合性，而不是开具不符合报告。
How to effectively open do not accord with report and verification, shut down does not meet any kind of management system audit focus, are identified management system has been established, whether it is the effective implementation and always maintained O therefore, management should focus on the verification of compliance, rather than open do not accord with report.
审核员应以积极的态度寻找符合的事实而不是过失。可是，当审核证据确定存在不符合时，正确地描述不符合就很重要。
The auditor should take a positive attitude to find facts rather than negligence. However, when the audit evidence to determine the presence does not meet, correctly describe do not meet the very important.
按照ISO 9000标准3.6.2条款给出的定义，不符合是“未满足要求”。一份好的不符合报告应包含三部分内容： 
According to ISO 9000 standard 3.6.2 clause defined, does not fit is" does not meet the requirements". A good does not conform to the report should include three parts of contents:
A. 支持审核发现的审核证据； 
A. Support the audit findings audit evidence;
B. 查到的不符合所对应的要求； 
B. Check does not accord with the corresponding requirement;
C. 不符合的陈述。 
C. Not consistent with the statement.
以上各点都很重要，但审核实践中应首先确定并形成文件的是第一部分，即审核证据。一名合格的审核员应对可能潜在的不符合的情况进行观察和判断。有能力的审核员会在寻找更多明确的审核证据前把潜在不符合的审核证据记录在审核检查单中，以便下一步确认其是否不符合。
The above points are important, but the audit practice should be first determined and documented is the first part, namely the audit evidence. A qualified auditor may respond to potential noncompliance for observation and judgment. Have the ability of the auditors will be looking for more definitive audit evidence before the potential inconsistent with the audit evidence recorded in the audit checklist, the next step in order to confirm whether or not comply with.
假如没有审核证据，就没有不符合。假如确有证据，必须把它作为不符合项记录下来，而不能弱化为观察项、“改进的机会”。“建议”等。从长远看，弱化不符合对组织、与组织相关的顾客以及认证机构都没有好处，可能导致因对应该采取纠正措施的不符合内容重视不够而带来风险。
If there is no audit evidence, there is no consistent with. If there is evidence, must take it as a nonconformity, recorded, and cannot be changed infirmly as observed," opportunities for improvement". " Proposal". From long-term look, do not conform to the weakening organization, and organize relevant customer and the certification authority is not good, may cause for corrective action should be taken are not consistent with the contents do not pay enough attention to the risk of.
此外，审核证据应形成足够详细的文件，使受审核组织能够找到并准确地确认审核员发现的问题。 
In addition, the audit evidence should be formed in sufficient detail file, so that the audited organization can find and accurately confirm the audit found problems.
审核员下一步需要做的是识别和判定未能得到满足的具体要求。不符合是未满足要求，假如审核员不能识别要求，就不能提出不符合。
The next step is to identify and judge the failure to meet the specific requirements of. Does not fit is not meet the requirements, if the auditor cannot identify a requirement, can't be made incompatible with.
要求可以有许多来源，可以是ISO 9001标准规定的，或组织的管理体系（内部要求）规定的，或是法律法规规定的，或是顾客要求的。一旦针对某一具体要求确认了不符合，就需形成文件，在文件描述中可以简单到引用标准和有关条款。
Requirements can come from many sources, can be ISO 9001 standard, or the organization's quality management system ( internal requirements ) regulations, or provisions of laws and regulations, or customer requirements. Once for a specific request confirmation is not consistent, need to document, in the document description can be simple to use standard and related terms.
ISO 9001标准的某些条款可能不止一个要求，审核员要清楚地识别并写下与不符合有关的具体要求。例如，写出与该审核证据相关的标准要求或其他来源的准确内容。 
ISO 9001 standard some terms may be more than one request, the auditor should clearly identify and write and do not meet the relevant requirements. For example, write and the audit evidence related to the standard requirements or other source of accurate content.
不符合报告最重要的一部分是不符合陈述。不符合陈述是推动组织进行原因分析，纠正和采取纠正措施的重要内容。
Non conformance report one of the most important part is not consistent with the statement. Do not meet the state is to promote the organization carries on the reason analysis, correction and corrective measures are important content.