浅谈施工企业的ISO9001质量管理体系建设
Discussion on the construction enterprise ISO9001 quality management system construction
1．引言
1 Introduction
目前，越来越多的施工企业按照ISO9000标准的要求建立和实施了质量管理体系，其中许多施工企业从中受益非浅，但也有很多施工企业并没有达到预期的目标。究其原因，其中主要一条就是许多施工企业在建立和实施质量管理体系时，没有以系统的观念、从施工企业整体管理的角度来看待质量管理体系，致使质量管理体系游离于施工企业整体管理之外，从而使质量管理体系失去了有效发挥作用的基础和环境。本文从企业整体管理的角度，从决策层的教育、全员质量管理、质量成本管理等三个方面探讨如何进行质量管理体系的建设。
At present, more and more construction enterprises in accordance with the requirements of ISO9000 standard establishment and implementation of quality management system, many of which construction enterprises benefit from blame is shallow, but there are also many construction enterprises and did not achieve expectant goal. Investigate its reason, of which the main one is that many construction enterprises in establishing and implementing the quality management system, not to the idea of system, the overall management of construction enterprises from the perspective of quality management system, the quality management system in construction enterprise management of free, so that quality management system lost play an effective role based and environment. This article from the enterprise whole management point of view, from the decision-making level education, total quality management, quality cost management three aspects to discuss how to carry out quality management system construction.
2．建设好质量管理体系必须优先培训决策层
2 construction of quality management system must give priority to training of decision-making layer
完美的企业文化，就像完美的家庭文化一样来自内部，而且是由企业的领导者建立起来的。也就是强调质量观念的更新、根植，质量策划的运筹，都需要从领导做起。这不是捷径，而是必由之路。
Perfect corporate culture, as the perfect family culture from within, and by the leader of the enterprise is built. It is stressed that the quality of the idea renewal, rooted, quality planning operations, all need starts from the leadership. This is not a shortcut, but the route one must take.
2.1 决策层的关键作用
2.1 the key role of decision-making layer
ISO9000标准中曾将一个企业选用质量管理体系标准的驱动动机分为两类：管理者驱动和受益者推动。而实际上，无论管理者自主推动，还是来自于受益者的推动压力而被动选用，最终都要经过决策领导的导入决定。最高管理者是企业成功推行ISO9000标准的关键。最高管理者应在施工企业内形成一种重视质量、关注顾客的氛围，并提供充足的资源，为推行ISO9000标准打下坚实的基础。如果最高管理者不重视质量体系标准，或者只是以取证为目的，而且不提供充足的资源，下面的人员再努力也只是徒劳，不会真正从质量体系建设中获得效益。
The ISO9000 standard has an enterprise selection of quality management system standard drive motivation are divided into two categories: management driven and beneficiaries drive. In fact, whether managers driven independently, or from the beneficiaries of the driving pressure and passive choice, will eventually be led into decision through decision-making. Top management is an enterprise the successful implementation of ISO9000 standard key. Top management shall in construction enterprise formed a pay attention to quality, attention to customer environment, and provide adequate resources, for the implementation of the ISO9000 standard to lay a solid foundation. If top managers do not attach importance to the quality system standards, or just to obtain evidence for the purpose, and do not provide adequate resources, the following personnel further efforts are in vain, not really get benefits from the construction of quality system.
2.2 决策层的培训
2.2 decision-making training
决策领导的积极重视和有力推动对整个质量体系建设工作起决定性作用。决策领导是企业的核心，其决策及表现对整个施工企业具有决定性影响和放大效应。只有决策领导优先接受质量体系标准知识的教育，才能使整个质量体系建设工作开好头。
Leadership decision-making positive attention and promote the quality of the whole system construction work plays a decisive role. Leadership decision-making is the core of the enterprise, its decision and performance of the construction enterprise has conclusive effect and the amplification effect. Only the leadership decision-making give priority to the quality system standard knowledge education, can make the quality system construction works it is good head.
对决策领导实施质量体系培训应该做到以下两点：
The decision led the implementation of quality system training should do the following two points:
第一，选择适宜的培训方式。建议决策领导走出家门，到专业培训机构接受相关培训；或聘请专家走进单位，结合对单位质量管理的诊断结果向决策领导实施专门教育和研讨。
First, select the appropriate training methods. The proposed decision-making leading out of the house, to the professional training institutions training; or to employ experts into the unit, in combination with the unit quality management diagnosis result to the decision to lead the implementation of specialized education and research.