ISO14000环境认证 常见的12种大气污染危害物及人为危害源
ISO14000 environmental certification of 12 common atmospheric pollution hazards and man-made hazards
1）二氧化硫 SO2：
Sulfur dioxide SO2: 1 )
人为排放源有：以煤和石油为燃料的火力发电厂、工业锅炉、垃圾焚烧、生活取暖、柴油发动机、金属冶炼厂、造纸厂等。 
Artificial emission sources are: to coal and oil as the fuel of firepower power plant, industrial boilers, waste incineration, life heating, diesel engine, metal smelting plant, paper plant.
主要危害： 
Major hazards:
形成工业烟雾, 高浓度时使人呼吸困难, 是著名的伦敦烟雾事件的元凶； 
The formation of industrial smoke, makes it difficult to breathe at high concentrations, is a famous London smog episode;
进入大气层后，氧化为硫酸（SO4） 在云中形成酸雨，对建筑、森林、湖泊、土壤危害大； 
Enters the earth's atmosphere, oxidized to sulfate ( SO4 ) in the formation of acid rain, on the building, forests, lakes, soil hazard;
形成悬浮颗粒物，又称气溶胶, 随着人的呼吸进入肺部, 对肺有直接损伤作用。 
The formation of suspended particles, also known as aerosol, along with the breathing of people into the lungs, the lung has direct damage effects.
2）悬浮颗粒物 TSP（如：粉尘、烟雾、PM10）
2) suspended particulate TSP ( such as: dust, smoke, PM10 )
人为排放源有：以煤和石油为燃料的火力发电厂、工业锅炉、垃圾焚烧、生活取暖、各种工厂、柴油发动机、建筑、采矿、露天采矿、水泥厂等。 
Artificial emission sources are: to coal and oil as the fuel of firepower power plant, industrial boilers, waste incineration, heating in daily life, various factories, diesel engines, construction, mining, open-pit mining, cement factory.
主要危害： 
Major hazards:
随呼吸进入肺, 可沉积于肺，引起呼吸系统的疾病。颗粒物上容易附着多种有害物质，有些有致癌性，有些会诱发花粉过敏症；
With the breath into the lung, can be deposited in the lungs, causing the disease of respiratory system. Particles of easy attachment to a variety of harmful substances, some have carcinogenicity, some will induce pollen allergy;
沉积在绿色植物叶面, 干扰植物吸收阳光和二氧化碳和放出氧气和水分的过程, 从而影响植物的健康和生长； 
Deposition in the green leaves of the plant, interference plants absorb sunlight and carbon dioxide and produce oxygen and moisture process, thus affecting plant health and growth;
厚重的颗粒物浓度会影响动物的呼吸系统； 
The heavy concentration of particles will affect the respiratory system of animals;
杀伤微生物, 引起食物链改变，进而影响整个生态系统；
Destruction caused by microorganisms, food chain, thereby affecting the entire ecological system;
遮挡阳光而可能改变气候，这也会影响生态系统。 
The sun and may alter the climate, this will also affect the ecological system.
3）氮氧化物 NOx
3) nitrogen oxides NOx.
人为排放源有：以煤和石油为燃料的火力发电厂、工业锅炉、垃圾焚烧、使用汽油的汽车等。 
Artificial emission sources are: to coal and oil as the fuel of firepower power plant, industrial boilers, waste incineration, the use of gasoline automobile.
主要危害： 
Major hazards:
刺激人的眼, 鼻, 喉和肺, 增加病毒感染的发病率, 例如引起导致支气管炎和肺炎的流行性感冒, 诱发肺细胞癌变；
Stimulation of the human eye, nose, throat and lungs, increased virus infection incidence, such as lead to bronchitis and pneumonia and influenza, induced lung cancer cell;
形成城市的烟雾, 影响可见度； 
Formation of city smoke effects, visibility;
破坏树叶的组织, 抑制植物生长； 
Destruction of leaf tissue, inhibit the growth of plants;
在空中形成硝酸小滴, 产生酸雨。 
In the air to form nitric acid droplets, resulting in acid rain.
4）一氧化碳 CO
4) the CO of carbon monoxide
人为排放源有：使用汽油和柴油的汽车、燃料燃烧等。 
Human emission source: petrol and diesel vehicles, fuel combustion.
主要危害： 
Major hazards:
极易与血液中运载氧的血红蛋白结合, 结合速度比氧气快250倍，因此，在极低浓度时就能使人或动物遭到缺氧性伤害。轻者眩晕, 头疼, 重者脑细胞受到永久性损伤, 甚至窒息死亡； 
Extremely easy and blood carrying oxygen binding to hemoglobin, combined with the speed of 250 times faster than oxygen, therefore, in very low concentrations can cause a person or an animal under hypoxic injury. The light of vertigo, headache, severe brain cells suffer permanent damage, and even death;
对心脏病、贫血和呼吸道疾病的患者伤害性大； 
On heart disease, anemia and respiratory disease in patients with injury of;
引起胎儿生长受损和智力低下。 
Causes of impaired fetal growth and mental retardation.
5）挥发性有机化合物VOCs（如：苯、碳氢化合物、甲醛）
5) volatile organic compounds VOCs ( such as: benzene, formaldehyde, hydrocarbons )
人为排放源有：汽油发动机废气、加油站泄漏气体、油漆涂料厂、家庭装修等。