IATF16949认证 新版ITAF16949:2016认证标准术语和定义的理解与实施

Terms and definitions 术语和定义

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 9000:2015 apply.ISO 9000：2015界定的术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1 Terms and definitions for the automotive industry汽车行业的术语和定义

Accessory part 配件

Customer- specified additional component(s) that are either mechanically or electronically connected to the vehicle or powertrain before (or after) delivery to the final customer (e.g., customer floor mats，trunk bed liners，wheel covers，sound system enhancements，sunroofs，spoilers，super-chargers，etc.)在交付给最终顾客之前（或之后），与车辆或动力总成以机械或电子方式相连的顾客指定的附加部件（如：定制地垫、车厢衬、轮罩、音响系统加强件、天窗、尾翼、增压器等等）。

Advanced product quality planning (APQP) 产品质量先期策划(APQP)

Product quality planning process that supports development of a product or service that will satisfycustomer requirements; APQP service as a guide in the development process and also a standard way toshare results between organizations and their customers;APQP covers design robustness，design testing and specification compliance，production process design，quality inspection standards，process capability，production capacity，production packing，product testing and operator training plan，among other items对开发某一满足顾客要求的产品或服务提供支持的产品质量策划过程；APQP对开发过程具有指导意义，并且是组织与其顾客之间共享结果的标准方式；APQP涵盖的项目包括设计稳健性，设计试验和规范符合性，生产过程设计，质量检验标准，过程能力，生产能力，产品包装，产品试验和操作员培训计划。

Aftermarket part 售后市场零件

Replacement part(s) not procured or released by an OEM for service part applications, which may or maynot be produced to original equipment specifications并非由OEM为服务件应用而采购或放行的替换零件，可能按照或未按照原始设备规范进行生产。

Authorization 授权

Documented permission for a person(s) specifying rights and responsibilities related to giving or denyingpermissions or sanctions within an organization对某（些）人的成文许可，规定了其在组织内部授予或拒绝权限或制裁有关的权利和责任。

Challenge (master) part 挑战（原版）件

Part(s) of known specification, calibrated and traceable to standards, with expected results(pass or fail)that are used to validate the functionality of an error-proofing device or check fixtures( e.g., go/no-gogauging)具有已知规范、经校准并且可追溯到标准的零件，其预期结果（通过或不通过）用于确认防错装置或检具（如通止规）的功能性。

Control plan 控制计划

Documented description of the systems and processes required for controlling the manufacturing ofproduct (see Annex A)对控制产品制造所要求的系统及过程的成文描述（见附录A）。

Customer requirements 顾客要求

all requirements specified by the customer (e.g., technical, commercial, product and manufacturing process-related requirements, general terms and conditions, customer-specific requirements, etc.)

Where the audited organization is a vehicle manufacturer, vehicle manufacturer subsidiary, or joint venture with a vehicle manufacturer, the relevant customer is specified by the vehicle manufacturer, their subsidiaries, or joint ventures.

顾客要求

顾客规定的一切要求（如：技术、商业、产品及制造过程相关要求，一般条款与条件，顾客特殊要求等）。

当被审核单位是汽车制造企业、汽车制造企业的子公司、或者与汽车制造企业的合资企业时，相关顾客由汽车制造商、其子公司或合营企业指定。

Customer-specific requirements(CSRs) 顾客特定要求（CSRs）

Interpretations of or supplemental requirements linked to a specific clause(s) of this Automotive QMSStandard对本汽车QMS标准特定条款的解释或与该条款有关的补充要求。

Design for assembly (DFA) 装配设计(DFA)

Process by which products are designed with ease of assembly considerations. (e.g., if a product containsfewer parts it will take less time to assemble, thereby reducing assembly costs)

出于便于装配的考虑设计产品的过程。（例如，若产品含有较少零件，产品的装配时间则较短，从而减少装配成本。）

Design for manufacturing（DFM）制造的设计(DFM)

integration of product design and process planning to design a product that is easily and economically manufactured产品设计和过程策划的整合，用于设计出可简单经济地制造的产品。

Design for manufacturing and assembly（DFMA）制造和装配的设计(DFMA)

combination of two methodologies：Design for Manufacture (DFM), which is the process of optimizing thedesign to be easier to produce, have higher throughput, and improved quality; and Design for Assembly (DFA), which is the optimization of the design to deduce risk of error, lowering costs, and making it easierto assemble两种方法的结合：制造的设计(DFM)— 为更易生产，更高产量及改进的质量的优化设计的过程，装配的设计(DFA)为减少出错风险、降低成本并更易装配的设计优化。

Design for six sigma (DFSS) 六西格玛设计(DFSS)

Systematic methodology, tools, and techniques with the aim of being a robust design of products orprocesses that meets customer expectations and can be produced at a six sigma quality level系统化的方法、工具和技术，旨在稳健设计满足顾客期望并且能够在六西格玛质量水平生产的产品或过程的。

Design-responsible organization 具有设计职责的组织

Organization with authority to establish a new, or change an existing, productspecification. 有权制定一个新的或更改现有的产品规范的组织。

NoteThis responsibility includes testing and verification of design performance within the customer’sspecified application.该职责包括在顾客指定的应用范围内，试验并验证设计性能。

Error proofing 防错

Product and manufacturing process design and development to prevent manufacture of nonconformingproducts为防止制造不合格品而进行的产品和制造过程的设计及开发。

Escalation process 升级过程

Process used to highlight or flag certain issues within an organization so that the appropriate personnel canrespond to these situations and monitor the resolutions用于在组织内部强调或触发特定问题的过程，以便适当人员可对这些情况做出响应并监控其解决。

Fault tree analysis (FTA) 故障树分析法（FTA）

Deductive failure analysis methodology in which an undesired state of a system is analysed； fault tree analysis maps the relationship between faults, subsystems, and redundant design elements by creating a logic diagram of the coverall system分析系统非理想状态的演绎故障分析法；通过创建整个系统的逻辑框图，故障树分析法显示出各故障、子系统及冗余设计要素之间的关系。

Laboratory 试验室

Facility for inspection, test, or calibration that may include but is not limited to the following: chemical, metallurgical, dimensional, physical, electrical,or reliability testing用于检验、试验或校准的设施，可能包括但不限于，化学、冶金、尺寸、物理、电性能或可靠性试验。

Laboratory scope试验室范围

Controlled document containing包含下列内容的受控文件：

●specific test, evaluations, and calibrations that a laboratory is qualified to perform;试验室有资格进行的特定试验、评价或校准

●a list of the equipment that the laboratory uses to perform the above；and用来进行上述活动的设备的清单；以及

●a list of methods and standards to which the laboratory performs the above用来进行上述活动的方法和标准的清单。

Manufacturing 制造

Process of making or fabricatin制作或加工的过程

●production materials；生产原材料

●production parts or service parts; 生产件或服务件

●assemblies；or 装配；或

●heat treating, welding, painting, plating, or other finishing services. 热处理、焊接、涂漆、电镀或其他表面处理服务。

Manufacturing feasibility 制造可行性

an analysis and evaluation of a proposed project to determine if it is technically feasible to manufacture theproduct to meet customer requirements. This includes but is not limited to the following (as applicable):within the estimated costs, and if the necessary resources, facilities, tooling, capacity, software, andpersonnel with required skills, including support functions, are or are planned to be available对拟建项目的分析和评价，以确定该项目是否在技术上是可行的，能够制造出符合顾客要求的产品。这包括但不限于以下方面（如适用）：在预计成本范围内；是否必要的资源、设施、工装、产能、软件及具有所需技能的人员，包括支持功能，是或者计划是可用的。

Manufacturing services 制造服务

Companies that test, manufacture, distribute, and provide repair services for components and assemblies

试验、制造、分销部件和组件并为其提供维修服务的公司。

Multi-disciplinary approach 多方论证方法

Method to capture input from all interested parties who may influence how a process is administered by ateam whose members include personnel from the organization and may include customer and supplierrepresentatives; team members may be internal or external to the organization; either existing teams or adhoc teams may be used as circumstances warrant; input to the team may include both organization andcustomer inputs从可能会影响一个团队如何管理过程的所有相关方获取输入信息的方法，团队成员包括来自组织的人员，也可能包括顾客代表和供应商代表；团队成员可能来自组织内部或外部；若情况许可，可采用现有团队或特设团队；对团队的输入可能同时包含在组织输入和顾客输入。

No trouble found (NTF) 未发现故障（NTF）

Designation applied to a part replaced during a service event that, when analysed by the vehicle or partsmanufacturer, meets all the requirements of a good part (also referred to as “No Fault Found” or “Trouble NotFound”)表示针对服务期间被替换的零件，经车辆或零件制造商分析，满足“良品件”的全部要求（亦称为“未发现错误”或“故障未发现”）。

Outsourced process 外包过程

Portion of an organization‘s function (or processes) that is performed by an external organization由外部组织履行的一部分组织功能（或过程）。

Periodic overhaul 周期性检修

maintenance methodology to prevent a major unplanned breakdown where, based on fault or interruptionhistory, a piece of equipment, or subsystem of the equipment, is proactively taken out of service anddisassembled, repaired, parts replaced, reassembled, and then returned to service用于防止发生重大意外故障的维护方法，此方法根据故障或中断历史，主动停止使用某一设备或设备子系统，然后对其进行拆卸、修理、更换零件、重新装配并恢复使用。

Predictive maintenance 预测性维护

An approach and set of techniques to evaluate the condition of in-service equipment by performing periodicor continuous monitoring of equipment conditions, in order to predict when maintenance should beperformed通过对设备状况实施周期性或持续监视来评价在役设备状况的一种方法或一套技术，以便预测应当进行维护的具体时间。

Premium freight 超额运费

extra costs or charges incurred in addition to contracted delivery合同交付之外发生的超出成本或费用。

NOTE This can be caused by method, quantity, unscheduled or late deliveries, etc.

注: 它可能是由于方法、数量、未按计划或延迟交付等原因引起的。

Preventive maintenance 预防性维护

Planned activities at regular intervals( time-based, periodic inspection, and overhaul) to eliminate causes ofequipment failure and unscheduled interruptions to production, as an output of the manufacturing processdesign为了消除设备失效和非计划性生产中断的原因而策划的定期活动（基于时间的周期性检验和检修），它是制造过程设计的一项输出。

Product 产品

Applies to any intended output resulting from the product realization process适用于产品实现过程产生的任何预期输出。

Product safety产品安全

Standards relating to the design and manufacturing of products to ensure they do not represent harm orhazards to customers与产品设计和制造有关的标准，确保产品不会对顾客造成伤害或危害。

Production shutdown 生产停工

Condition where manufacturing processes are idle; time span may be a few hours to a few months制造过程空闲的状况，时间跨度可从几个小时到几个月不等。

Reaction plan 反应计划

Action or series of steps prescribed in a control plan in the event abnormal or nonconforming events aredetected检测到异常或不合格事件时，控制计划中规定的行动或一系列步骤。

Remote location 外部场所

Location that supports manufacturing sites and an which non-production processes occur支持现场并且为非生产过程发生的场所。

Service part 服务件

Replacement part(s) manufactured to OEM specifications that are procured or released by the OEM forservice part applications, including remanufactured parts按照OEM规范制造的，由OEM为服务件应用而采购或放行的替换件，包括再制造件。

Site 现场

Location an which value-added manufacturing processes occur发生增值制造过程的场所。

Special characteristic 特殊特性

Classification of a product characteristic or manufacturing process parameter that can affect safety orcompliance with regulations, fit, function, performance, requirements, or subsequent processing of product可能影响安全性或产品法规符合性、可装配性、功能、性能、要求或产品的后续处理的产品特性或制造过程参数。

Special status 特殊状态

Notification of a customer-identified classification assigned to an organization where one or more customerrequirements are not being satisfied due to a significant quality or delivery issue一种顾客识别分类的通知，分配给由于重大质量质量或交付问题，未能满足一项或多项顾客要求的组织。

Support function 支持功能

Non-production activity (conducted on site or at a remote location) that support one(or more)manufacturing sites of the same organization对同一组织的一个(或多个)制造现场提供支持的（在现场或外部场所进行的）非生产活动。

Total productive maintenance 全面生产维护

A system of maintaining and improving the integrity of production and quality systems through machines,equipment, processes, and employees that add value to the organization一个通过为组织增值的机器、设备、过程和员工，维护并改善生产及质量体系完整性的系统。

Trade-off curves 权衡曲线

Tool to understand and communicate the relationship of various design characteristics of a product to eachother, a product's performance on one characteristic is mapped one the Y-axis and another on the x-axis,then a curve is plotted to illustrate product performance relative to the two characteristics用于理解产品各设计特性的关系并使其相互沟通的一种工具；产品一个特性的性能映射于Y轴，另一特性的性能映射于X轴，然后可绘制出一条曲线，显示产品相对于这两个特性的性能。

Trade-off process 权衡过程

Methodology of developing and using trade-off curves for products and their performance characteristicsthat establish the customer， technical，and economic relationship between design alternatives绘制并使用产品及其性能特性的权衡曲线的一种方法，这些特性确立了设计替代方案之间的顾客、技术及经济关系。

embedded software嵌入式软件：

Embedded software is a specialized programme stored in an automotive component (typically computer chip or other non-volatile memory storage) specified by the customer, or as part of the system design, to control its function(s). To be relevant in the scope of IATF 16949 certification, the part that is controlled by embedded software must be developed for an automotive application (i.e., passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, heavy trucks, buses, and motorcycles; see Rules for achieving and maintaining IATF Recognition, 5th Edition, Section 1.0 Eligibility for Certification to IATF 16949, for what is eligible for “Automotive”).

嵌入式软件是存储在客户指定的汽车部件（通常是计算机芯片或其他非易失性存储器)中，或作为系统设计的一部分来控制其功能的专门程序。为了符合IATF 16949认证的范围，由嵌入式软件控制的部件必须为汽车应用而研发(即客车、轻型商用车、重型卡车、客车以及摩托车;参见《获得并保持IATF认可的规则》，第5版，第1.0节IATF 16949认证资格，以符合“汽车”资格）。

NOTE: Software to control any aspect of the manufacturing process (e.g., machine to manufacture a component or material) is not included in the definition of embedded software.

注:用于控制制造过程的任何方面的软件(如用于制造部件或材料的机器)不包括在嵌入式软件的定义中。

IATF16949 IATF16949认证 IATF16949五大工具 IATF16949培训 IATF16949质量体系 IATF16949认证公司 IATF16949认证机构 IATF16949认证咨询公司

中鸿认证服务 www.cnqr.org 1998年至今 直办非中介 全国接单 远程或就近安排审核

新系统集成资质CS/ITSS/CCRC/DCMM认证，ISO三体系，售后服务/诚信认证，软件CMMI评估，互联网ISO27001/ISO27701/ISO20000认证，食品HACCP/ISO22000/BRC/绿色食品/有机食品，汽车16949认证，军工三证，实验室CMA/CNAS/10012，社会责任SA8000/ISO26000,医疗器械13485，知产贯标/能源体系/业务连续性等，产品认证（3C/绿色产品/十环）各类AAA信用评级等等，详见空间。

1.诚聘专兼职审核员（全国），专职咨询老师（成都），专职市场专员 年薪10-35万

2.全国诚招ISO认证代理人（免费），转发信息即佣金。免费培训。

3.本年度ISO内审员免费培训，每月免费名额有限，从速预计。