ISO认证 质检总局出台产品质量安全风险监控工作指导意见
ISO certification, quality inspection administration issued guidance on the quality safety risk monitoring products
近日，质检总局发布了《关于加强产品质量安全风险监控工作的指导意见》（以下简称《指导意见》）。这是质检总局深化改革，转变产品质量监督模式的又一成果。《指导意见》的出台，标志着我国产品质量安全风险监控工作正朝着规范化、制度化的方向迈进，以预防为主、风险管理为核心的产品质量安全监管新机制正在加快形成，产品质量安全治理体系和治理能力的现代化正在快速推进。
Recently, quality inspection administration issued the "guiding opinions on strengthening the product quality safety risk monitoring work" (hereinafter referred to as the "guidance"). This is to deepen the reform of quality inspection administration, and results of product quality supervision mode transformation. "Guiding opinions" issued, marking China's product quality safety risk monitoring is moving towards the standardization, institutionalized direction, focusing on prevention, risk management as the core of the new mechanism is to accelerate the formation of product quality safety supervision, product quality and safety management system and management modernization is rapidly advancing.
为应对日趋复杂的产品质量安全新形势，特别是为了及时发现、有效解决产品质量存在的潜在危害，从2009年起，质检总局着力加强产品质量安全风险监控工作。经过近几年的努力，目前已基本建成并运转风险信息采集体系，实现风险监测常态化，风险处置环节取得突破，探索发布了风险警示，推动风险监控工作从探索起步阶段步入了全面实施阶段。在实践过程中，质检总局坚持摸着石头过河与加强顶层设计相结合，注意总结实践经验，抓紧完善风险监控制度体系。此次出台的《指导意见》集中反映了近年来全国各地的探索实践，集中体现了质检总局对风险监控工作的顶层设计，具有很强的前瞻性、指导性和操作性。
For the new product quality safety situation to deal with the increasingly complex, especially in order to discover the potential hazards, effectively solve the product quality problems, from 2009 onwards, quality inspection administration to strengthen the product quality safety risk monitoring work. After several years of efforts, has now basically completed and operational risk information acquisition system, realize the risk monitoring normalized, breakthrough link exploration risk disposal, released the risk warning, promote risk monitoring work from the initial stage of exploration into the comprehensive implementation stage. In the process of practice, to cross the river by feeling the stones and to strengthen top-level design combines quality inspection administration, pay attention to summing up the practice experience, to improve risk monitoring system. The introduction of the "opinions" reflects the nationwide in recent years of exploration and practice, which embodies the top-level design quality inspection administration of risk monitoring work, guiding prospective, strong and operation.
《指导意见》突出了消费安全。在前不久召开的全国质检工作会议上，质检总局局长支树平提出了“三大安全”，摆在首位的就是消费品质量安全。《指导意见》明确提出，风险监控工作要以消费品为重点，以产品质量中影响人体健康和人身财产安全等因素为内容，建立起以风险信息采集为基础、风险监测为手段、风险评估为支撑、风险控制为目标的工作体系，实现产品质量安全风险的早发现、早预警、早处置。据悉，质检总局将制定消费品重点监督目录，把更多的监管资源用于消费品，切实做到有效预防消费品安全风险。
"Guiding opinions" highlights the consumption safety. Recently held in the national quality inspection work conference, quality inspection administration, Zhi Shuping put forward the "three security", before is the consumer products safety first. "Guiding opinions" put forward clearly, monitoring the risk to consumer products as the focus, to the quality of the products of human health and personal and property safety and other factors as the content, in order to establish the risk information collection, risk based monitoring means, risk assessment, risk control to support the target system, realize the risk product quality and safety of the early discovery, early warning, early treatment. It is reported, quality inspection administration will formulate the consumer focus on monitoring directory, put more regulatory resources for the consumer, effectively prevent the consumer products safety risk.
《指导意见》突出了问题导向。主要是通过建立准确、高效、全面的风险信息采集网络，做到从着力发现问题、真正解决问题出发，不断强化风险监控工作的针对性和有效性。重点是要对舆情信息进行监测，以网络媒体为主渠道广泛收集产品质量安全舆情信息，注重从日常监管工作中采集风险信息，从产品伤害案例中甄别产品质量安全问题，从检验检测工作中收集风险信息，同时加强与其他监管部门、消费者保护组织、行业协会等的联系，并逐步建立全国统一的产品质量安全风险信息公共平台，实现风险信息的共享共用。据了解，目前，质检总局已经开发应用了质量安全互联网信息监测系统，启用了全国产品质量安全风险监测协作网办公信息平台，初步实现了风险信息的共享共用。
"Guiding opinions" highlights the problem oriented. Mainly is the risk of network information collection by establishing an accurate, efficient, comprehensive, the efforts to find problems, solve the real problem of pertinence and effectiveness, strengthen risk monitoring work. The key is to monitor the information of public opinion, the network media as the main channel wide collection of product quality and safety of public information, pay attention to acquisition risk information from the daily supervision of work, from the product damage case screening products quality and safety problems, collection of risk information from the inspection work, at the same time, strengthen cooperation with other regulators, consumer protection organization, industry associations and other links, and gradually establish a unified national product quality safety risk information to the public platform, realize information sharing risk. It is understood, at present, quality inspection administration has developed the quality and safety of Internet information monitoring system, the national product quality safety risk monitoring network office information platform enabled, initially realized the sharing of risk information.
《指导意见》突出了风险综合整治。对已被识别和确认的产品质量安全风险，《指导意见》要求加强监管联动，对涉及生产许可、强制性认证的，加大准入把关力度；对普遍存在的不符合安全标准要求的，组织开展监督抽查；对涉嫌违法的，及时进行执法查处；对存在严重危及人体健康和人身财产安全缺陷的，督促企业进行召回；对涉及标准问题的，及时反馈给标准化管理部门，推动完善标准体系；对涉及其他部门的，及时进行会商，共同研究提出风险防控措施。同时，《指导意见》提出，要建立风险预警制度，及时向社会发布风险警示，提醒消费者增强安全消费意识；建立风险通报制度，促进企业落实质量安全主体责任，推动行业加强管理和自律，促使地方政府开展区域质量整治，切实保障质量安全。
"Guiding opinions" highlights the risk comprehensive rectification. For product quality and safety risks have been identified, "guidance" requirement to strengthen the supervision of linkage, production license, compulsory certification, increase access to ensure strength; the universal existence does not conform to safety standards, organize the supervision and inspection; on suspected illegal, timely law enforcement investigation of existence; seriously endanger human health and personal and property safety defects, and urge enterprises to recall; the standard issue, timely feedback to the standardization administration departments, improve the standard system; to other departments, timely consultation, mutual study proposed risk prevention and control measures. At the same time, "guiding opinions" put forward, to establish the risk early warning system, the timely release to the community risk warning, to remind consumers to enhance safety consumer awareness; to establish risk reporting system, promote the enterprises to implement the quality safety responsibility, to strengthen management and self-discipline industry, promoting the local government to develop regional quality control, guarantee the quality and safety.
《指导意见》不仅总结吸收了我国近年来的实践经验，也充分借鉴了欧盟、美国等先进经验和做法。如参考了美国风险处置做法，提出建立完善应急监测机制，针对产品质量安全伤害事故和突发事件，及时组织实施应急专项风险监测，综合采取调查、检查、检测等各种方式，快速查找风险源头和伤害事故原因，充分发挥风险监测在产品质量安全突发事件应急处置中的作用。特别是比照了欧盟非食品快速预警系统（RAPEX），提出建立全国统一的国内产品质量安全风险通报预警系统，通过加强质检总局与地方质监部门、地方质监部门彼此之间的风险交流，实现对风险的快速反应和处置，避免发生系统性、区域性、行业性质量安全问题。
"Guidance" to sum up not only absorbed the practical experience in recent years in China, but also make full use of the advanced experience and practice, American etc.. If the reference American risk disposal practices, this paper proposes to establish and perfect the emergency monitoring mechanism for product quality and safety, accidents and emergencies, timely organize implementation of emergency special risk monitoring, investigation, inspection, adopt various ways such as, the source and harm accident to quickly find the risk, give full play to the role of risk monitoring in the emergency of product quality and safety in the event of an emergency. Especially compared to the EU non food rapid alert system (RAPEX), proposed the establishment of domestic product quality safety risk national bulletin warning system, by strengthening the quality inspection bureau and the local quality supervision departments, the local quality supervision departments between each risk communication, to achieve rapid response and disposal of risk, to avoid the occurrence of systemic, regional, industry quality and safety problems.
ISO认证 质检总局出台产品质量安全风险监控工作指导意见
ISO certification, quality inspection administration issued guidance on the quality safety risk monitoring products