ISO9001:2008“领导作用”是实现有效质量管理的关键
ISO9001: 2008" leadership role" is the realization of effective quality management key
第一，“领导”应该先找出什么是“正确的事情”，提供正确的方向，避免“走弯路”、“走冤枉路”甚至“走回头路”，确保实现有效的质量管理。所谓“制定并保持组织的质量方针和质量目标”，就是为质量管理找出正确的方向和目标。
The first," leadership" should first find out what is" the right thing", to provide the correct direction, avoid" detour"," take the long road" or" go back", ensure the realization of the effective quality management. The so-called" establish and maintain the organization's quality policy and quality objectives, quality management" is to find out the correct direction and target.
第二，“领导”应该营造员工提高质量意识、积极性和创造性的氛围，上下同欲，以确保充分、高效地实现有效的质量管理。关于如何做到“上下同欲”，我国古代思想家老子在其著作《道德经》第六十六章中，有这样的表述“江海所以能为百谷王者,以其善下之,故能为百谷王”，“是以欲上民，必以言下之；欲先民，必以身后之。是以圣人处上而民不重，处前而民不害。是以天下乐推而不厌。” 老子认为领导者应当“守柔”且“善下”，即谦虚慈爱，才能做到“上下同欲”。另外，“领导”应确保质量管理体系职责和权限分配清晰对应，这对于营造员工积极性和创造性的氛围也很重要，对员工授权限的同时，应授予相应职责，确保所授职责与所授权限相对等。
Second," leadership" should build the staff to improve quality consciousness, initiative and creative atmosphere, in unision, to ensure full, efficient and effective quality management. On how to do" in unision", ancient Chinese thinkers in his book" I Ching" in the sixty-sixth chapter," a statement that the sea can provide 100 valley of kings, with its good conditions, it can be 100 Valley king"," is for the people, shall be to speak to the; ancestors, will be behind us. So the saint and the people is not heavy, office and people not to harm. Is a world music push and patience." I think that leaders should be" conciliatory" and" good", namely the humble kindness, can do" in unision". In addition," leadership" shall ensure that the quality management system of responsibility and authority distribution corresponding to create clear, the enthusiasm and creativity of employees in the atmosphere is also very important, on the staff of authority at the same time, should grant corresponding responsibilities, to ensure that assigned duties with the relative authorization.
第三，“领导”应该确保员工保持关注与顾客约定的质量要求。只有符合与顾客约定要求的质量，才是有效的质量。由于质量不符合约定的要求而导致返工、返修和投诉，往往需要付出额外的资源，有效性自然就不高。所以，保持对顾客要求的关注，才是高效质量的保障。
Third," leadership" should ensure that employees remain concerned about customers and the prescribed quality requirements. Only in accordance with the customer request quality, is the effective mass. Because the quality is not in conformity with the agreed requirements led to rework, repair and complaints, often need to pay extra resources, effectiveness of nature is not high. So, to keep customer demands attention, is the efficient quality guarantee.
第四，为实现质量目标，“领导”应该组织实施适宜的有效质量制度和措施。明确了目标和方向，只有付诸实际行动才能实现，这个实际行动就是实施适宜的有效措施。戴明在其“十四点”的第七点“发挥主管的指导作用”和第十点“取消面向一般员工的口号、标语和数字目标”中指出，管理的目标是帮助人、机器和设备做更好的工作，管理人员应制订指导实践的规范，开发文档标准、过程和步骤，具体指导员工如何达到质量目标。
In fourth, to the achievement of the quality objectives," leadership" should implement appropriate and effective quality system and measures. A clear goal and direction, only put into practical action can be achieved, this action is to implement appropriate and effective measures. Deming in his" Fourteen" seventh" play a competent guidance" and tenth" cancel the general staff slogan, slogan and digital target " pointed out, the goal of management is to help people, machines and equipment to do a better job, management personnel should be developed to guide practice standard, standard, development of documentation process and steps, specific guidance to employees on how to achieve the quality target.
第五，“领导”应该组织建立并保持确保实现质量目标实现的质量管理体系，正如“过程的系统方法”原则所述，只有将所有质量过程相关联成系统，系统化管理和运作，才能高效地得到质量。
Fifth," leadership" should the organization is established and maintained to ensure the realization of quality objective realization of the quality management system, as the" process of the system of" principle of the quality process, only will all associated into system, systematic management and operation, can effectively be quality.
第六，“领导”应该为实现质量目标组织提供和管理必要的资源。所谓“巧妇难为无米之炊”，必要的资源是实现质量目标的基本保障。综合GB/T19001标准“6资源管理”的要求，一方面，要合理提供足够的资源，另一方面，要有效管理资源。
Sixth," leadership" should be the achievement of the quality objectives and management organization to provide necessary resources. The so-called" one can't make bricks without straw", the necessary resources are the basic guarantee of the achievement of the quality objectives. The integrated GB / T19001 standard" 6 resource management " requirement, on one hand, to provide sufficient resources, on the other hand, to be effective management of resources.
第七，“领导”应该定期组织对责任范围的质量管理体系进行评审，并作出相应调整。外部环境是不断变化的，这就要求质量管理体系必须跟随外部环境变化不断调整。另外，对一段时期所发现的问题进行总结，通过改进完善质量管理体系防止其继续发生也是必要的。因此，对质量管理体系定期进行评审，保持质量管理体系适宜性，是保障有效质量管理的必要措施。
Seventh," leadership" should organized on the scope of responsibility of the quality management system are reviewed, and adjusted accordingly. The external environment is changing, which requires the quality management system must follow the external environment changes constantly adjust. In addition, the period of discovery through summarized the problems, improve and perfect quality management system to prevent the continued occurrence is also necessary. Therefore, regular review of the quality management system, and maintain the quality management system suitability, is the guarantee of effective quality management measures.
第八，“领导”应该就质量方针和目标的重大修订、质量管理体系的重大改进措施进行决策。当质量方针、目标需要进行重大修订时，由“领导”重新发布能有效维护其严肃性、权威性，确保其得到切实的贯彻执行。同样，要确保质量管理体系的重大改进措施得到有效落实，改进计划得到严格执行，也需要由“领导”决策并布置安排。因为，只有领导才能对重大决策效果进行有效掌控和承担责任。
Eighth," leadership" should be the quality policy and objectives of the major revision of the quality management system, the major measures to improve decision making. When the quality policy, objectives require significant revision by the" leader", re-released can effectively maintain the seriousness and authority, to ensure its effective implementation. Similarly, to ensure that the quality management system is the significant improvement in measures of effective implementation, improvement plans are strictly enforced, also need by" leadership" decision making and arrangement. Because, only the leadership on the major decision-making effect effective control and responsibility.
第九，“领导”应该清醒认识到现代质量管理是一门科学，坚持学习、掌握和运用现代科学质量观和质量管理的科学方法、工具，以确保科学决策和正确指挥，才能使质量管理体系保持正常运行，取得实际成效。质量与其它门类科学一样，只有运用科学的质量观念、方法和工具，才是最具有效益的捷径。
Ninth," leadership" should be aware of modern quality management is a science, insist on learning, master and apply modern scientific quality view and the quality management of the scientific method, tool, in order to ensure scientific decision-making and correct command, can make the quality management system to maintain normal operation, obtain practical effect. Quality and other sciences, only the use of scientific quality concepts, methods and tools, is the most effective shortcut.
ISO9000族标准的八项质量管理原则将“领导作用”单独作为一项原则列出，并在标准中对其进行了反复而详尽的展开描述，并非是没有道理的，而是国际上众多质量管理专家在长期的质量管理经验总结基础上得出来的智慧结晶。
The ISO9000 eight quality of management principles" leadership role" as a separate item listed in the standard principle, and has carried on the detailed description of the repeated expansion, is not justified, but numerous international quality management expert in the long-term experience in quality management on the basis of the wisdom crystallization.