企业ISO9001:2008质量体系认证中检验、测量和试验设备的控制
The enterprise ISO9001 : 2008 quality system certification of inspection, measuring and test equipment control
检验、测量和试验设备的控制是ISO9000族标准质量体系要素中的主要要素之一，是质量环节的重要环节，在质量体系认证中占有十分重要的地位。
Inspection, measuring and test equipment control is ISO9000 standard quality system elements in one of the main elements of quality links, is the important link in the quality system certification, occupies a very important position.
1、质量手册和程序文件的编写
1, the quality handbook and procedure document
文件编写的好坏，关系到体系运行的优劣，因此质量手册和程序文件的编写应建立在科学、先进又结合实际的基础上，具有极强的可操作性。首先要把标准的要求读懂、吃透，掌握标准的实质内涵，把理性的概念具体化，形象化；第二要结合企业的实际情况，着手质量文件的编写。文件的编写并不是对原有质量文件的否定，而是在原有基础上对照标准要求，加以调整、完善，是一个持续改进的过程，要编制出既符合标准又切实可行的质量文件，切忌脱离实际。
Document preparation is good or bad, in relation to the system running the merits, therefore the quality handbook and procedure document should be based on a scientific, advanced and practical basis, with strong maneuverability. First of all to the standard requirements, understand read, a mastery of the essence, the rational concept of concrete, vivid; second to be combined with the actual situation of enterprises, to quality documentation. The documentation is not on the original quality document is negative, but based on the original control standards, adjust, perfect, is a continuous process improvement, to develop a standard and feasible quality file, not divorced from reality.
2、计量器具的分级管理
2, measurement equipment classification management
检验、检测和试验设备实行A、B、C三级管理。A类是强制检定的计量器具，必须按照国家检定规程要求进行强制检定，主要指用于用于贸易结算、安全防护、医疗卫生、环境监测方面并列人强制检定目录的工作计量器具；B、类计量器具指非强制检定计量器具，一般用于企业内部控制数据的计量器具。如企业质量分析部门所用天平、温度计、温控仪、卷尺等；C类一般指企业内部质量分析部门所有各类滴管、试管等，是一种比对式的计量器具。
Inspection, testing and test equipment to implement A, B, C three level management. Class A is compulsive calibrating metrological implement, must be in accordance with the national verification regulation requirements for mandatory testing, mainly used for trade settlement, security, health, environmental monitoring of mandatory certification directory work measurement apparatus; B, kind of metrological implement of compulsive calibrating metrological implement, generally used for the internal control of enterprise data measurement apparatus. If the enterprise quality analysis department used balance, thermometer, temperature controller, tape measure; class C generally refers to internal quality analysis all kinds of dropper, test tube, is a comparison type measuring apparatus.
随着国家质量技术监督局《关于企业使用的非强检计量器具由企业依法自主管理的公告》的发布，企业对非强检计量器具的管理有了更大的自主权。企业可自主决定在本单位检定或送其他检定机构检定、测试，也就是确定了企业可以自行采用量值溯源的方式。企业还可以根据计量器具的使用频率程度、使用场合、性能指标、生产要求高低等情况自主决定检定周期。但自主管理并不是放松管理，要强调科学性、经济性和适应性，保证在用非强检计量器具的量值准确。同时对于企业所有的检验、测量和试验设备要建立台帐，统一编号，确保帐、卡、物一致。
Along with the State Bureau of quality and technical supervision" of enterprises to use the blame strong check measurement apparatus independently lawfully by the enterprise management notice" issued, the enterprise of blame strong check the management of metrological implement have greater autonomy. The enterprise can decide independently in the unit test or send other verification institutions, testing, it is determined the enterprise can adopt the way of measurement traceability. Enterprises can also be in accordance with the frequency of use of measuring instruments, applications, performance index, production requirements, such as discretion decide the case verification cycle. But the independent management does not relax, to emphasize the scientific nature, economy and adaptability, ensure to use blame strong check the accurate value measurement apparatus. At the same time for enterprises of all inspection, measuring and test equipment to establish account, uniform number, ensure the account, card, consistent.
3、计量器具的前期管理
3, measurement equipment prophase management
需购置计量器具时必须填写“计量器具申购单”，由计量器具管理部门审查其准确度等级、测量范围、稳定性等是否满足预期要求，提出审查意见，分管审批同意后由供应部门采购，新购计量器具必须有CMC标志、合格证等。办理完验收入库手续后，使用单位(部门)方可领用并登记建帐。使用前必须进行校准或检定。
The purchase of measuring instruments must fill out the " measuring equipment purchase orders", by measuring equipment management department for examination of their accuracy, measurement range, stability can meet the expected requirement, put forward examination opinions, in charge of examination and approval by the supply procurement department, the purchase of new measuring instruments must have CMC logo, certificate of approval. After completing warehousing inspection procedures, using unit ( Department ) shall receive and register the account. Before use, must be calibrated or verified.
4、计量器具的周期检定
4, measurement apparatus test cycle
计量管理部门根据“计量器具台帐”、“计量器具管理目录”和上次检定日期编制“计量器具年检计划表”，每年底对年检计划表进行一次检查，对下一年到期的计量器具填写“计量器具送检通知单”，通知使用单位（部门）及时送检或校准。检定结束后，使用单位（部门）保存好检定记录和合格证件，将检定日期、结果报主管部门作为编制周检计划和填写送检通知书的依据。
Metric management department according to the" measurement appliance platform"," measuring equipment management directory" and the last calibration date compiled "the measurement inspection plan, inspection plan" at the end of the year to form a check, for the next year due to the measurement apparatus to fill "the measurement inspection notice", using unit (Department ) timely notice inspection or calibration. Test ended, using unit (Department ) to preserve the test records and certificates, will test date, the results reported to the competent authorities as to prepare the weekly inspection plan and fill in the inspection of foundation.
5、计量器具的流转
In 5, the flow measurement apparatus
对企业来说，检验、测量和试验设备的分布都比较分散，管理那度相对较大，要确保帐、卡、物一致，就必须十分重视计量器具的流转程序，使之在整个流转过程中处于受控状态。使用前检定；按计划周期检定；长期不用的计量器具办理封存手续；失准计量器具办理停用手续；重新启用办理起用手续；达到报废要求的计量器具办理报废手续。这些均为检验、测量和试验设备的日常管理工作。
To the enterprise, inspection, measuring and test equipment distribution is scattered, the relatively large degrees, to ensure the account, card, consistent, must take the measurement apparatus of transfer procedures, so that in the entire circulation process in a controlled state. Use test; according to schedule periodic verification; without long-term measurement apparatus for storage procedures; misalignment measurement apparatus for deactivation procedures; reactivated for use formalities; achieve discard as useless the requirements of measuring instruments handle end-of-life procedures. These are all inspection, measuring and test equipment daily management work.
6、计量器具的标志管理
6, measuring instruments management
企业所有的检验、测量和试验设备无论是否在用，均应进行相应的标识。对于检定或校准合格的计量器具贴上“合格证”标志；长期不使用的计量器具办理封存手续后贴“封存”标识；失准的计量器具办理停用手续后贴“停用”标志；已报废的计量器具贴上“报废”标识。
Enterprises of all inspection, measuring and test equipment whether or not in use, should be a corresponding identifier. For testing or calibration of qualified measurement apparatus with " certification mark;" long-term use of measuring instruments for storage procedures after the paste "mothballed" inaccurate identification; measurement apparatus for deactivating the formalities with "stop" sign; scrapped the measurement apparatus with " scrapped" logo.
综上所述，一方面企业所实施的检验、测量和试验设备的控制在企业质量体系认证中发挥了重要的作用，另一方面计量管理体系自身的改进和完善又是一个持续不断的过程。新的起点预示着新的目标和新的征程。
To sum up, on one hand enterprises by the implementation of the inspection, measuring and test equipment control in enterprise quality system certification plays an important role, on the other hand metering management system its improvement is a continual process. New starting point of adumbrative new targets and new journey.