ISO9004的“应当”及其表达方式
ISO9004" should be" and its way of expression
ISO9004:2000完全是一个推荐性的标准，没有任何强制性的措辞。
ISO9004: 2000 is a recommended standard, without any mandatory language.
从标准的语气和用辞，就可以体会到该标准以指导为原则，倡导组织采用标准的一些做法；其以“应当”贯穿着标准的整个指导思想。
From the standard tone and diction, it can realize the standard to guide principle, advocacy organizations using standard practices; the" should" runs through the standard throughout the guiding ideology.
“应当”并没象“应”那样具有强力的限制性要求，只是表达“宜”或“适宜”的推荐性意见。
" Should be" and not as" should" do strong restrictive requirements, but the expression of" should" or" appropriate" reference.
因此不是强制性的要求，而只是建议考虑和执行的要求。
The request is not mandatory, and is only recommended for consideration and implementation requirements.
　　在《质量管理体系业绩改进指南》标准中，以“应当”及其词组方式表达标准要求的内容，在标准中随处可见，一共有243处。
In the" quality management systems - Guidelines for performance improvements" standard," should" and the phrase way of expressing the standard content requirements, in the standard can be seen everywhere, there are 243.
按其出现先后的时序排列是：应当通过、应当规定、应当考虑、应当对照、应当依据、应当理解、应当创造、应当是、应当作为、应当证实、应当采取、应当识别、应当确保、应当分析、应当、应当对、应当基于、应当将、应当像、应当建立、应当以、应当予以、应当系统地、应当注重、应当根据……应当包括、应当有、应当强调、应当策划、应当用等近 80种表达方式。其中出现频数最高的是“应当考虑”竟达35次，其次是“应当确保”（20次），“应当对”（14次），“应当包括”（13次）、“应当” （10次）。
According to its emergence has timing arrangement is: should be adopted, shall be specified, should consider, should be controlled, should be based on, should understand, should create, shall, should, shall be confirmed as is, shall take, should identify, shall ensure that, shall, should, ought to, analysis should be based on, shall, should be like, shall establish, should, shall, should be systematically, ought to pay attention to, should be based on the ... ... Shall include, ought to, should emphasize, should plan, ought to use nearly 80 expressions. The frequency is highest is " should be considered" up to 35 times, followed by" should be" ( 20 )," should" ( 14 )," should include" ( 13 ), "ought to be" ( 10 ).
　　在“应当”该由谁来执行的条款中，其中有60处是“组织应当”，50处是“管理者应当”和27个是“最高管理者应当”。
In the" should be" the implementation of the provisions, which has 60" should be", 50 is" management should" and 27 's" top management should".
标准对最高管理者寄以厚望，比 ISO9001的9个“最高管理者应”所表达的内容，不仅涉及面广，而且要求也更进一步具体和细致了，充分体现了最高管理者的“领导作用”。
Standard for top management with high hopes, than the ISO9001's 9" top management shall" expressed by the content, not only involves an area wide, but also more specific and detailed, fully embodies the" top management leadership".
　　27个“最高管理者应当”描述了最高管理者在质量管理体系中的作用和地位。其中有9个是“最高管理者应当确保”，说明最高管理者在组织质量管理体系中要确保营造一个行之有效的业绩改进机制，并指出了业绩的改进首先要依存于最高管理者的意识、魄力和投入，当然这种投入也必须建立在对业务的熟悉、管理思路的清晰和战略决策的正确上，只有这样才能保证上述工作中的9个“应当确保”得以实现。
27" top management should" describes the top management in the quality management system in the role and status of. 9 of them were" top management shall ensure that the description", top management in the organization's quality management system to ensure the effective in creating a performance improvement mechanism, and points out that the performance improvement must depend on top management consciousness, courage and input, the input must be based on business familiar with the management train of thought, clear and strategic decision-making correct, the only way to ensure the work in the 9" should be" can be realized.