汽车零部件企业TS16949体系认证:汽车零部件产业面临五大问题
Auto parts enterprises TS16949 system certification: auto parts industry faces five major problems
随着世界上最大的汽车跨国公司全部进入中国，世界著名汽车零部件厂商纷纷来华投资建厂或与国内零部件厂进行技术合作，推动了我国汽车零部件产业的建设与发展。但同时我国零部件产业在竞争实力上存在的深层次问题也开始暴露。
As the world's largest auto transnational companies enter China, world famous auto parts manufacturers to come to invest and build factories or with the domestic parts factory for technical cooperation, promote China's auto parts industry construction and development. But at the same time our spare parts industry in the competition strength of deep level problems also begin to expose.
（1）产品结构不适应市场结构变化的需要
( 1) product structure is incommensurate the need of market structure change
　　我国零部件产业是在商用车零部件的基础上发展起来的，具有比较完善的商用车核心零部件配套体系。在乘用车市场的发展日新月异的今天，除了个别企业在拓展乘用车零部件市场的过程中得到发展以外，多数企业零部件投资未能充分发挥其效能，甚至失去了技术升级的机会。因此，我国零部件产业应该在“以商用车求生存”的基础上，迅速转向“以乘用车求发展”上来。
Industry of our country component in commercial vehicle parts and components on the basis of development, having perfect commercial vehicle core components system. In the passenger car market development change rapidly today, in addition to individual enterprises in expanding the passenger car parts market during the process of development, the majority of enterprises parts investment failed to give full play to its effectiveness, and even lost technology upgrade opportunity. Therefore, our country should be in" industry of component of the commercial vehicle to survive " on the foundation, quickly turned to" passenger vehicles and development".
（2）研发能力不适应技术发展的需要
( 2) research and development ability is not adapted to the needs of technology development
　　研发能力是零部件企业最重要的核心竞争力之一，国际零部件供应商十分重视研发能力的建设和投入，如韩国万都、德国贝洱每年在研发上的投入都达到销售收入的6％～7％，同时也具备一整套科学、完善的研发体系，如贝洱的6个阶段7个步骤。我国在二十世纪八十年代末，列入产品目录的汽车产品才6504种，到了1998年，汽车产品就有了6大类19565多种，仅2002年，各整车企业就推出新车型97种之多。所以，在全社会更加重视知识产权的今天，必要的基础研发、产品研发能力是成为一级供应商的必要条件。尽管部分企业参照国际标准建立起了试验室，拥有比较齐全的试验设备，但大多数试验装备未能很好的发挥作用，研发能力还停留在适应性研发的水平。
Research and development ability is the most important component of the core competitiveness of enterprises, attaches great importance to international suppliers of parts R & D capability construction and investment, such as South Korea, the German Bei Er every year in R & D inputs to achieve sales revenue of 6% to 7%, at the same time also have a set of scientific, perfect system of research and development, such as shellfish Er 6 stage 7 steps. Our country in the late nineteen eighties, included in the catalogue of auto products to 6504, to 1998, automotive products have 6 major categories of more than 19565, only 2002, the whole company will launch new models of 97 kinds of. Therefore, in the whole society to pay more attention to intellectual property today, necessary basic research and development, product research and development capabilities is to become a world-class supplier of necessary conditions. Although some enterprises with reference to the international standards to establish a test chamber, compared with the complete test equipment test equipment, but most failed to play a good role, R & D capability also remain in the adaptive research and development level.
（3）营销能力不适应市场快速变化的需要
( 3) marketing ability to adapt to rapidly changing market needs
　　一是过分依赖销售部门、销售人员对市场的作用。确实，销售部门、销售人员对市场销售的作用十分重要，但销售工作毕竟只是企业营销的一个环节，企业内部体制和机制对销售部门、销售人员有效、快捷的呼应和支撑作用不能忽视。
One is overly dependent on sales department, sales staff on the role of the market. Indeed, the sales department, sales personnel to the market sale of the function is very important, but the sale is the enterprise marketing of a link, internal system and mechanism for the sales department, sales personnel effectively, fast response and supporting role can not be ignored.
　　二是重视已有市场的占有，忽视潜在市场的前期开发。随着同步研发的展开，零部件企业必须密切跟踪整车企业的发展规划，力求在概念研发阶段就主动参与，先入为主，扩大市场。
The two is attached to the existing market share, ignoring the potential market of the early development of. Along with the synchronization in R D, parts enterprises should closely follow the vehicle enterprise development planning, to the concept of development stage of initiative participation, first impressions are strongest, expand market.
（4）制造能力不适应用户对质量的需要
( 4) manufacturing capacity does not adapt to the users of the need for quality
　　我国零部件绝大多数企业都通过了ＩＳＯ9000系列质量体系标准的第三方咨询，有的企业还通过了ＱＳ9000或ＴＳ16949质量体系标准的第三方咨询，但总的说来，制造能力的不足是质量控制最薄弱的环节。国际先进的零部件企业，交付不良品率都在100ＰＰＭ以下，而我国零部件企业要达到这一水平还有很大距离。
Component of the our country most enterprises have passed the ISO9000 quality system standard third consultation, some enterprises have also adopted the QS9000 or TS16949 quality system standard third consultation, but generally speaking, manufacturing ability inadequacy is the weakest link in quality control. The international advanced auto parts enterprises, the delivery rate of non-performing products are below 100PPM, and our country auto parts enterprises to achieve this level there is a great distance.
　　（5）成本控制能力不适应市场竞争的需要
( 5) the ability of cost control is to meet the needs of market competition
　　随着整车市场竞争的日趋激烈，价格战是经常被使用的手段之一，整车企业必然将价格的降低向零部件供应商转嫁。同时，在ＱＣＤＳ或ＱＣＤＤ的竞争原则下，成本因素是最好量化的因素，也是市场竞争中最敏感的因素。而成本控制能力却不是我国零部件企业的优势。
As the vehicle to the increasingly fierce market competition, price war is often used means, truckload enterprise will lower the price to parts suppliers on. At the same time, in the QCDS or QCDD competition principle, cost factors are best quantified factors, and market competition in the most sensitive factors. And cost control ability is not our parts of enterprise advantage.