ISO9000标准、ISO14000标准、OHSAS18000标准合为一体化管理体系的缘由
The ISO9000 standard, ISO14000 standards, OHSAS18000 standards for the integration of management system.
"一体化管理体系"（Integrated Management System）（又被称为"综合管理体系"、"整合型管理体系"等）就是指两个或三个管理体系并存，将公共要素整合在一起，两个或三个体系在统一的管理构架下运行的模式。通常具体是指组织将ISO9000标准、ISO14000标准、OHSAS18000标准三位合一。
" Integrated management system" ( Integrated Management System ) (also known as the " integrated management system"," integrated management system .") refers to two or three management system coexist, the public elements together, two or three system in a unified management framework under running mode. Usually refers to the specific tissue ISO9000 standards, ISO14000 standards, OHSAS18000 standards in three in one.
简介
Brief introduction
“一体化审核”是指认证机构在同一时间，用同一审核组，按同一审核计划，对同一组织已整合运行的两个或两个以上管理体系进行审核一体化审核适用于多种情况，有许多种组合的方式，比如：ISO9001与HACCP的整合、ISO9001与ISO14001/OHSMS18001整合、TL9000与ISO14001的整合等等
" Integration of audit" refers to the certification institutions at the same time, with the same group of examine and verify, according to the same audit plan, the same tissue has been integrated operation of two or more than two management system for integrated audit audit is applicable to a variety of situations, there are many kinds of combinations, such as: ISO9001 and HACCP integration, ISO9001 and ISO14001 / OHSMS18001 integration, TL9000 and ISO14001 integration
　　一般认为，无论被审核方的管理体系是整合的一体化体系，还是分立的几个体系，凡是由同一审核主体将被审核方管理体系作为一个整体并同时依据相关的审核准则（包括各认证标准）进行的一次性审核，都属于一体化审核的范畴按照这种界定原则，由同一审核组在一次审核中通过其内部的分组分别承担不同标准的审核，不能称之为一体化审核，只是属于一种"联合审核"
Generally, whether the auditee management system is the integration of system integration, or the separation of several system, usually by the same audit main body to the auditee management system as a whole and at the same time on the basis of the relevant audit criteria ( including the certification standards ) are one-time audit, all belong to the unifinication examine and verify category according to the defining principles, by the same group of examine in a review by the internal packets respectively assume different standards of audit, be called unifinication examine and verify, just belongs to a kind of "joint audit"
背景
Background
　　自1996年以来，综合管理体系（IMS）一词在各种管理类文章中被越来越多的引用，如TranmerJ的《解决一体化管理体系中存在的问题》和Wilkinson《质量、环境、职业健康和安全一体化管理体系：几个关键问题的考查》等。这些文章从不同的方面对一体化管理体系的现状及发展进行了细致的描述。
Since 1996, the integrated management system ( IMS ) is a term in a variety of management the article were more and more references, such as the TranmerJ integrated management system" to solve the problems existing in the Wilkinson" and" quality, environment, occupation health and safety integrated management system: several key problems such as examination". These articles from the different aspects of the present situation and development of integrated management system for the detailed description.
　　企业的经营活动涉及质量管理、人力资源管理、环境的管理、职业安全卫生的管理、营销管理等方方面面，单纯采用一种管理模式必然难以满足客观需要。如果企业因为社会潮流和客户要求，一次次地建立独立的不同体系，会带来很多重复性的工作，会造成资源的浪费，不仅贯标的实际效果可能被忽视，而且也会影响企业综合管理水平和经济效益的提高。
The business activities of enterprises to quality management, human resource management, environmental management, occupation health and safety management, marketing management and other aspects, simply using a management model could not meet the objective needs. If the enterprise because of the social trend and customer requirements, time and again to establish independent of the different system, will bring a lot of repetitive work, would result in the waste of resources, not only in the standards of actual effect may be ignored, but also affects the enterprise comprehensive management level and economic benefits rise.
　　在中国，据有关部门统计，截止到2001年10月31日，中国已颁发带有国家认可标志的质量体系认证证书48187张；在中国环境管理体系认证机构认可委员会秘书处备案的认证证书为836张；带有国家认可标志的职业安全卫生管理体系认证证书106张。其中，获ISO14001、OHSAS18001认证证书的组织大都已经或同时获得了ISO9000认证证书。因此，越来越多的组织面临着两个或更多管理体系整合的问题。同时，这也给认证机构提出了对综合管理体系实施一体化审核的要求。
In China, according to statistics, as of October 31, 2001, China has been awarded with national accreditation marks of quality system certification certificate 48187 pieces; in Chinese Environmental Management System Certification Body Accreditation Committee Secretariat record certification for 836; a national accreditation marks the occupation health and safety management system certification certificate 106 pieces. Among them, ISO14001, OHSAS18001 certification of the organization have also obtained ISO9000 certification certificate or. Therefore, more and more organizations are faced with two or more management system integration issues. At the same time, it also gives the certification mechanism proposed for comprehensive management system implementing the integration requirements of audit.